Foley, a 40-year-old freelance journalist from Rochester, New Hampshire, went missing nearly two years
ago in northern Syria while on assignment for Agence France-Press and the Boston-based media company
GlobalPost. The car he was riding in was stopped by four militants in a contested battle zone that both
Sunni rebel fighters and government forces were trying to control. He had not been heard from since.

White House National Security Council spokeswoman Caitlin Hayden said the administration has seen the
video and that the intelligence community is working as quickly as possible to determine if it is
authentic.

"If genuine, we are appalled by the brutal murder of an innocent American journalist and we express
our deepest condolences to his family and friends," Hayden said in a statement.

Philip Balboni, GlobalPost CEO and co-founder, said the company had been informed that the FBI is in the
process of evaluating the video to determine whether it was authentic. "We ask for your prayers for
Jim and his family," he said.

Several senior U.S. officials with direct knowledge of the situation said the Islamic State very recently
threatened to kill Foley to avenge the crushing airstrikes over the last two weeks against militants
advancing on Mount Sinjar, the Mosul dam and the Kurdish capital of Irbil.

Both areas are in northern Iraq, which has become a key front for the Islamic State as its fighters
travel to and from Syria.

The officials spoke on condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to discuss the hostage
situation by name.

Since Aug. 8, the U.S. military has struck more than 70 Islamic State targets — including security
checkpoints, vehicles and weapons caches. It’s not clear how many militants have been killed in the
strikes, although it’s likely that some were.

The Internet video begins with scenes of President Barack Obama explaining his decision to order
airstrikes in Iraq. Then it switches to a balding man in an orange jumpsuit kneeling in the desert, a
black-clad Islamic State fighter by his side. Foley’s name appears in both English and Arabic graphics
on screen. The video appears to have been shot in an arid area; there is no vegetation in sight and the
horizon is in the distance where the sand meets the gray-blue sky.

The New York-based Committee to Protect Journalists estimated Tuesday that about 20 journalists are
missing in Syria, and has not released their nationalities. In its annual report last November, CPJ
concluded that the missing journalists are either being held and threatened with death by extremists, or
taken captive by gangs seeking ransom. The group’s report described the widespread seizure of
journalists as unprecedented and largely unreported by news organizations in the hope that keeping the
kidnappings out of public view may help in the captives’ release.

The Islamic State militant group is so ruthless in its attacks against all people they consider heretics
or infidels that it has been disowned by al-Qaida’s leaders. In seeking to impose its harsh
interpretation of Islamic law in the lands it is trying to control, the extremists have killed soldiers
and civilians alike in horrifying executions — including mounting the decapitated heads of some of its
victims on spikes.

The group is the heir apparent of the militancy known as al-Qaida in Iraq, which beheaded many of its
victims, including Americans businessman Nicholas Berg in 2004.