DES MOINES, Iowa (AP) — A new mobile app was supposed to help Democratic officials quickly gather
information from some 1,700 caucus sites throughout Iowa. Instead, a "coding issue" within the
app is being blamed for delays that left the results unknown the morning after the first-in-the nation
presidential nominating contest.
Glitches with a new mobile app Monday caused confusion, and some caucus organizers were forced to call in
results for the state party to record manually, introducing delays and the possibility of human error.
Iowa Democratic Party Chairman Troy Price said the delays were not the result of a breach and party
systems were secure.
"While the app was recording data accurately, it was reporting out only partial data. We have
determined that this was due to a coding issue in the reporting system," Price said in a statement
Tuesday, adding the issue has since been fixed. "The application’s reporting issue did not impact
the ability of precinct chairs to report data accurately.
The party said it expects to release unofficial results later Tuesday after manually verifying its data
against paper backups. Unlike the November election and state primaries administered by state and local
election officials, the Iowa caucus was administered by the Iowa Democratic Party. Nevada Democrats also
have plans to use a mobile reporting app for their caucuses set for Feb. 22.
Homeland Security Secretary Chad Wolf told Fox News on Tuesday that there was no indication of "any
malicious cyberactivity." He added that Iowa Democrats declined his department’s offer to test the
reporting app. That’s not unusual, as outside security firms do similar testing. The state party had
said previously they had worked closely with security experts to test the app.
Des Moines County Democratic Chair Tom Courtney said he heard that in precincts across his county,
including his own, the mobile app was "a mess." When precinct leaders called Democratic Party
headquarters, "they weren’t answering the phones," Courtney said.
The problems were an embarrassment for a state that has long sought to protect its prized status as the
first contest in presidential primaries and the nation’s first vetter of candidates. The delay was
certain to become fodder for critics who argued that the caucuses — party meetings that can be chaotic,
crowded and messy — are antiquated and exclusionary.
The Iowa Democratic Party pressed forward with the new reporting system amid warnings about the
possibility of hacking and glitches. Party officials said they took numerous security precautions and
maintained that any errors would be easily correctable because of backups and a paper trail.
But organizers running precincts in Iowa didn’t get to test the app beforehand. Iowa party officials had
said they would not be sending the new mobile app to precinct chairs for downloading until just before
the caucuses to narrow the window for any interference.
Some precinct chairs said they had trouble downloading or logging into the app and didn’t use it.
The apps were barely working Monday night, according to a person involved in processing the data who
requested anonymity to discuss the party’s internal system. That forced party aides to record results
from the precincts via phone and enter them manually into a database. Officials were left using photos
of results to validate results and ensure accuracy.
Jonathan Green, who chaired a precinct in Lone Tree, said that when he tried to put the results into the
reporting app, he kept getting a confusing error message: "Unknown protocol. The address specifies
a protocol (e.g., "wxyz:??".) the browser does not recognize, so the browser cannot properly
connect to the site."
He said he ultimately gave up and tried to call in the results to the party. Like others, he was put on
hold for an extended period of time. In the end, it took hours to report results from his small site, he
said.
The slowdown was exacerbated by the fact that the party was for the first time attempting to report three
different sets of data — an initial headcount of each candidates’ support, a count after supporters had
realigned, and the state delegate winners.
"We found inconsistencies in the reporting of three sets of results," the party said in a
statement. "This is simply a reporting issue, the app did not go down and this is not a hack or an
intrusion. The underlying data and paper trail is sound and will simply take time to further report the
results."
President Donald Trump’s campaign quickly seized on the issue to sow doubt about the validity of the
results.
"Quality control = rigged?" Trump campaign manager Brad Parscale tweeted Monday evening, adding
a emoji with furrowed brows.
Richard L. Hasen, an election expert and professor at University of California, Irvine School of Law,
cautioned against jumping to conclusions about the integrity of the election.
"Most of the time when there is a problem with an election it turns out to be the result of
administrative incompetence rather than someone cheating or some outside interference," Hasen said.

Deploying new technology this close to an election is always a risky proposition, said Lawrence Norden,
an elections expert with The Brennan Center for Justice at NYU School of Law. Norden said it’s akin to a
major retailer using new cash registers for the first time on Black Friday.
"To roll out a new technology without really testing it and making it available as early as possible
and giving folks the opportunity to challenge it and work out all the bugs is a high-stakes decision
which I think is proving to be problematic today," Norden said.
Norden said party officials were wise to slow down the reporting to ensure accurate results, given
concerns of another round of election interference by Russia or other hostile governments seeking to
undermine U.S. democracy.
"People aren’t going to remember in two weeks that these results were late, but you can bet if the
results changed dramatically they would," Norden said. "Those of us who work in the election
space support accuracy over speed."
Ruth Thompson, who chaired a precinct at Lincoln High School in Des Moines, said she did not use the app
to report results because organizers had problems trying to download and test it.
"We just came to a consensus that nobody was happy with the app," she said. She also did not
try to report her site’s results over the phone after hearing reports of long delays in answering the
line at state headquarters, she said.
Instead, veteran caucusgoers at her site used calculators to compute the delegate allocation and then
texted a photo of the results to Polk County Democratic Party officials, who drove it to state party
headquarters.
Thompson said the delays in results were unfortunate because the process went "remarkably
smoothly" in other ways.
__
Associated Press writers David Pitt and Scott McFetridge in Des Moines and Ryan J. Foley in Iowa City
contributed to this report.
__
This story corrects the name of the Iowa Democratic Party chairman. He is Troy Price, not Tony Price.
Tech problem with mobile app causes Iowa caucus chaos
By ALEXANDRA JAFFE and CHRISTINA A. CASSIDY Associated Press
DES MOINES, Iowa (AP) — A new mobile app was supposed to help Democratic officials quickly gather
information from some 1,700 caucus sites throughout Iowa. Instead, a "coding issue" within the
app is being blamed for delays that left the results unknown the morning after the first-in-the nation
presidential nominating contest.
Glitches with a new mobile app Monday caused confusion, and some caucus organizers were forced to call in
results for the state party to record manually, introducing delays and the possibility of human error.
Iowa Democratic Party Chairman Troy Price said the delays were not the result of a breach and party
systems were secure.
"While the app was recording data accurately, it was reporting out only partial data. We have
determined that this was due to a coding issue in the reporting system," Price said in a statement
Tuesday, adding the issue has since been fixed. "The application’s reporting issue did not impact
the ability of precinct chairs to report data accurately.
The party said it expects to release unofficial results later Tuesday after manually verifying its data
against paper backups. Unlike the November election and state primaries administered by state and local
election officials, the Iowa caucus was administered by the Iowa Democratic Party. Nevada Democrats also
have plans to use a mobile reporting app for their caucuses set for Feb. 22.
Homeland Security Secretary Chad Wolf told Fox News on Tuesday that there was no indication of "any
malicious cyberactivity." He added that Iowa Democrats declined his department’s offer to test the
reporting app. That’s not unusual, as outside security firms do similar testing. The state party had
said previously they had worked closely with security experts to test the app.
Des Moines County Democratic Chair Tom Courtney said he heard that in precincts across his county,
including his own, the mobile app was "a mess." When precinct leaders called Democratic Party
headquarters, "they weren’t answering the phones," Courtney said.
The problems were an embarrassment for a state that has long sought to protect its prized status as the
first contest in presidential primaries and the nation’s first vetter of candidates. The delay was
certain to become fodder for critics who argued that the caucuses — party meetings that can be chaotic,
crowded and messy — are antiquated and exclusionary.
The Iowa Democratic Party pressed forward with the new reporting system amid warnings about the
possibility of hacking and glitches. Party officials said they took numerous security precautions and
maintained that any errors would be easily correctable because of backups and a paper trail.
But organizers running precincts in Iowa didn’t get to test the app beforehand. Iowa party officials had
said they would not be sending the new mobile app to precinct chairs for downloading until just before
the caucuses to narrow the window for any interference.
Some precinct chairs said they had trouble downloading or logging into the app and didn’t use it.
The apps were barely working Monday night, according to a person involved in processing the data who
requested anonymity to discuss the party’s internal system. That forced party aides to record results
from the precincts via phone and enter them manually into a database. Officials were left using photos
of results to validate results and ensure accuracy.
Jonathan Green, who chaired a precinct in Lone Tree, said that when he tried to put the results into the
reporting app, he kept getting a confusing error message: "Unknown protocol. The address specifies
a protocol (e.g., "wxyz:??".) the browser does not recognize, so the browser cannot properly
connect to the site."
He said he ultimately gave up and tried to call in the results to the party. Like others, he was put on
hold for an extended period of time. In the end, it took hours to report results from his small site, he
said.
The slowdown was exacerbated by the fact that the party was for the first time attempting to report three
different sets of data — an initial headcount of each candidates’ support, a count after supporters had
realigned, and the state delegate winners.
"We found inconsistencies in the reporting of three sets of results," the party said in a
statement. "This is simply a reporting issue, the app did not go down and this is not a hack or an
intrusion. The underlying data and paper trail is sound and will simply take time to further report the
results."
President Donald Trump’s campaign quickly seized on the issue to sow doubt about the validity of the
results.
"Quality control = rigged?" Trump campaign manager Brad Parscale tweeted Monday evening, adding
a emoji with furrowed brows.
Richard L. Hasen, an election expert and professor at University of California, Irvine School of Law,
cautioned against jumping to conclusions about the integrity of the election.
"Most of the time when there is a problem with an election it turns out to be the result of
administrative incompetence rather than someone cheating or some outside interference," Hasen said.

Deploying new technology this close to an election is always a risky proposition, said Lawrence Norden,
an elections expert with The Brennan Center for Justice at NYU School of Law. Norden said it’s akin to a
major retailer using new cash registers for the first time on Black Friday.
"To roll out a new technology without really testing it and making it available as early as possible
and giving folks the opportunity to challenge it and work out all the bugs is a high-stakes decision
which I think is proving to be problematic today," Norden said.
Norden said party officials were wise to slow down the reporting to ensure accurate results, given
concerns of another round of election interference by Russia or other hostile governments seeking to
undermine U.S. democracy.
"People aren’t going to remember in two weeks that these results were late, but you can bet if the
results changed dramatically they would," Norden said. "Those of us who work in the election
space support accuracy over speed."
Ruth Thompson, who chaired a precinct at Lincoln High School in Des Moines, said she did not use the app
to report results because organizers had problems trying to download and test it.
"We just came to a consensus that nobody was happy with the app," she said. She also did not
try to report her site’s results over the phone after hearing reports of long delays in answering the
line at state headquarters, she said.
Instead, veteran caucusgoers at her site used calculators to compute the delegate allocation and then
texted a photo of the results to Polk County Democratic Party officials, who drove it to state party
headquarters.
Thompson said the delays in results were unfortunate because the process went "remarkably
smoothly" in other ways.
__
Associated Press writers David Pitt and Scott McFetridge in Des Moines and Ryan J. Foley in Iowa City
contributed to this report.