JAMESTOWN, Va. (AP) — Interior Secretary Sally Jewell got
a firsthand look Thursday at the effect of climate change on
ever-receding Jamestown island, concluding that America’s first
permanent European settlement is clearly vulnerable to rising seas.
Led
by National Park Service rangers, Jewell trekked around the island,
where some sections now lie beneath the James River, and heard of the
devastation in 2003 when Hurricane Isabel raked the low-lying landscape.
The storm left many parts of the island underwater and destroyed
thousands of artifacts retrieved from archaeological digs. Many are
still being restored.
Dorothy Geyer, a Park Service natural
resource specialist, said a 1 1/2-foot rise in sea level would put 60
percent of the island under water and a 4-foot -plus rise would increase
that number to 80 percent.
In an interview with The Associated Press between her stops, Jewell said Jamestown is certainly
vulnerable.
"I
know enough now having been in this job looking at vulnerable sites
that this is a highly vulnerable site," Jewell said. "We don’t have very
many places in the United States that talk about the super-early
history of settlers connecting with the native people of the land, so
this is a really an important place."
Jewell said her visit to
Jamestown is part of the Obama administration’s push to address climate
change, including its ambitious plan announced Monday to reduce gases
from the nation’s power plants blamed in part for global warming.
"It’s
very clear we have global warming and sea level rise and this is a hot
spot for it," Jewell said. "And what’s at risk is the history of our
country."
Jamestown was settled in 1607 by Europeans, including
Capt. John Smith. When European settlers arrived, there already was a
thriving population of Native Americans led by paramount Chief Powhatan.
The remnants of both native people and settlers can be found on the
island.
The first settlers found a land defined by water, and that
landscape has only shifted more and more that way. Some parts of the
island are only feet above sea level.
The Tidewater of Virginia
and sections of the Chesapeake Bay are among the most vulnerable to sea
change in the world. The city of Norfolk is second only to New Orleans
in the U.S. in terms of the threat posed by rising seas.
While
climate change is a big factor, the region is also sinking — the result
of a meteor that gouged out the Chesapeake Bay 35 million years ago.
The
tour followed a report in May by the Union of Concerned Scientists that
lists Jamestown as among 30 historic and cultural sites in the nation
that are at risk because of climate change.
Jewell was an
enthusiastic tourist, trekking through mosquito-infested wetlands and
through stands of loblolly pines as she peppered her guides with
questions. She visited a glass-making site and a former Confederate
outpost, among other spots. Her last visit was 15 years ago.
At
Black Point, the eastern-most point of land on the island, she saw where
waters had reclaimed 20 feet of the island through the years.
Jewell
visited a research center where thousands of artifacts are still being
restored. More than 1 million artifacts — pipe stems, ceramic cookware,
silver settings — were damaged.
"Eleven years and you’re still battling mold," Jewell said to Melanie A. Pereira, the curator.

Jewell’s tour concluded with a roundtable discussion by climate scientists.