To the Editor: Special interest groups influenced Constitution
Written by Jack Taylor   
Wednesday, 27 June 2012 11:37
I am writing in response to Mr. Herbert Detmer’s opinion essay which was published in the June 20 edition of the Sentinel-Tribune.
Although there are several statements and claims that he makes which are with inaccurate or specious, I will address only one.
I strongly disagree with Mr. Detmer’s opinion that, “When our Founding Fathers wrote the Constitution ... There is nothing about special interest groups, corporations or loud, aggressive protesters of anything and everything.” The historical record informs us that the southern planter class was indeed a special interest group whose slave-holding interests were embedded in the Constitution.
Most likely, the Founding Fathers from the southern states protested loudly and aggressively about how to count their “slaves” when it came to determining the number of representatives they could send to Congress.
As a result of their protestations, we have the infamous 3/5ths of a person clause in Article 1, Section 2 of the Constitution. It reads as follows: Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among several states ... according to their respective numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole number of free persons, including those bound to service for a term of years and excluding Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all other persons.
Also, Article 2, Section 9 of the Constitution maintained the interests of the planter class by allowing the importation of African slaves until the year 1808.
Furthermore, Article IV, Section 2 of the Constitution allowed for the return of the slave owners’ property by declaring, “No person held in service or labour in one state, under the laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in consequence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from such service or labour, but shall be delivered up on claim of the party to whom such service or labour may be do.”
Consequently, any enslaved African who was caught fleeing from the horrors of the peculiar institution in search of the freedom and independence for which our Founding Fathers pledged their lives, fortunes and honour could be returned to their master.
In closing, readers beware, just because someone references the Constitution or uses patriotic terms such as freedom, independence and Founding Fathers does not mean that their opinion is true, that is, supported by facts.
Jack Taylor
Bowling Green
 

Comments  

 
# 2012-06-27 13:05
Fine letter and historical context! Thank you Mr. Taylor!
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# 2012-06-27 14:01
A slight historical correction... the inclusion of the 3/5 clause was a tool of the Abolitionist (Northern and Southern) to decrease the power of the southern states through decreased representation. This tool ultimately led to the logical and moral conclusion of freedom for all being God given, not from the government. It was the wisdom of those Founding Fathers which led to the end of the abomination of slavery.
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# 2012-06-27 16:55
You are waaaaay off on crediting the founding fascists with the abolition of slavery. Historical correction: most of them were slave owners themselves, even after slavery was ended in Britain. The logical and moral conclusion is that freedom is an inherent human right, religion notwithstanding .
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# 2012-06-28 06:49
This entire argument about the founders--that freedom was either God-given or from the government (and that it couldn't have been from the government because that would be, well, tyranny)--is an argument that the founders would not have recognized. They were all steeped in the moral philosophy of their day, which was overwhelmingly secular, defining society and human rights in terms of a social contract. After all, they were, for the most part, proud thinkers of the Enlightenment, who even when pious (like John Adams) even saw religion as a product of an over-arching "natural law."

The argument you frame is one made by modern Christians who are wanting to define the Founders backward according to their own image and attribute an evangelical agenda to them.
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# 2012-06-28 06:55
Another quibble I have with this line of thinking is the use of "government" as an implied negative. They saw the government they were forming as "of the people and by the people" (as Lincoln later wrote), as a system of laws designed to be dynamic (written in order to "form a more perfect Union") and responsive to a democratic spirit. WE ARE the government, however, dysfunctional it may seem to us, and I worry that when people start talking about the government as something to be feared, to be "drowned in the bathtub" that what people really dislike and distrust is our FORM of government. They want it to respond their own concerns but scream that it is out of control and monstrous when it responds to the concerns of others; they want dictatorship.
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# 2012-06-29 10:35
There is no sense trying to debate Brian or Christopher here. For all others, read the words of the Founding Fathers to discover the truth. They were not shy about their opinions. The wrote constantly... almost as much as some post on the internet! Do not use an "abridged" or "edited" version of their writings - go to the originals. Then you will know what is truth, and what is spin.
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# 2012-06-29 13:28
You seem to be dismissing my comments as "spin." Please state directly what you think is inaccurate. Please note that I did not describe the Founders as "fascists." I have profound respect for them. Unless you found my truthful description of their philosophical world as somehow disrespectful....
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# 2012-06-29 14:36
Slave-ownership is a fact not obscured by history.

I've read tons of documents from these guys and the whole literature is rife with the ideals reflecting preservation of the white land-owning classes. This is not spin, it is the result of doing what you advise: reading source material. It certainly is eye-opening.

For example, read Jefferson's "Notes on the State of Virginia" to get a taste of the blatant racist elitism that was inherent to these rich men.

I don't need to spin anything when the obvious truth IS documented. I have profound disdain for these goons. Correction: they were not fascists per se, but proto-fascists who exacerbated the conditions of American-style slavery for decades to come.
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# 2012-06-29 15:54
Brian, they were racists, not fascists. Fascism requires marshaling the forces of government in a top-down manner to seduce and coerce the citizenry to pursue totalitarian aims. Anything less is a flabby use of the term that, in the end winds up diluting our understanding 20th (and 21st) century fascism. Ultimately, fascism is defined by the attitude of the ruling elites to their own recognized citizenry.

Jefferson is a fascinating case. His philosophical training led him to be troubled about his slave-ownership, but the force of tradition and the life he was born to kept him wedded to the notion. But he was no fascist.
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# 2012-07-02 15:10
Quoting Christopher Williams:
... marshaling the forces of government in a top-down manner to seduce and coerce the citizenry to pursue totalitarian aims.


Sounds a lot like the white colonizers to me. They DID want (and got) total control of the land (and the people) after the British and Natives were dealt with. I do see your definitional, point, though. I'll just be using different vocabulary to express my disdain for their genocidal 'progress.'
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